Service Learning Reflection

I chose to go to my home town to work with Kid's Klub for my service learning project. Kid's Klub is a ministry of Wesley United Methodist Church offering quality before and after school care and summer camp programs for children ages five to fourteen. The reason I chose to go to my home town for this project is because I regularly participate in this program when I am home for breaks. While I am there I assist the children in any area in which they may need extra help, as well as helping with preparations that need to be made for activities and field trips. This project relates to the passage of Matthew 25:31-40. This passage talks about children in reference to helping each other out when one is in need and doing the right thing. Another passage that I would like to mention is Proverbs 22:6. This states that a child should be raised in the way he should go, and even when he is old he will not depart from it. Kid's Klub is a program that offers care to children before and after school. Being that it acts similarly to a daycare it gives children the opportunity to work on homework or projects they might need to finish, or just to have time to interact with other children and enjoy games and activities. In addition, they are taught scripture in fun ways that they will enjoy. Being able to do such activities in this environment gives the children numerous opportunities to help one another. It is also great that the children are able to associate with different age groups; they are always able to teach each other new things and be able to ask advice from someone that they might feel more comfortable talking to since they are closer to their own age. While I was there, I acted as a teacher, or mentor, as well as a friend. It was my job to assist them with their homework, projects and to clarify what they were going over in bible classes. I also helped prepare dinner for them and played games with them until their parents were able to pick them up. I was also there to mediate and help the kids make the right decision when there were conflicts or arguments. By doing so, they are learning how they should deal with situations and what is the right or wrong way to handle them. It is really amazing to see this first hand when I see the kids oluntarily helping one another with assignments and resolving issues on their own in ways that benefit everyone involved positively. I chose to mention Proverbs 22:6 because it acts as a precursor to the main passage of relation to this service. This passage states that a child should be raised in the way that he should go, and even when he is old he will not depart from it. I think it is important to include when dealing with children because it is a top priority to teach them. Children must be taught right and wrong in the first place before they will be able to employ those tactics in their lives. It is important that they know what it means to help one another and how much it could mean for one in need as well as the one providing the service. This is why it is important that children receive help when they are in need. The probability that one might help another is much greater when they have been shown the same sort of assistance when they were in need. Once they are shown this, it will stick with them through their lives and they will always know what is right and wrong no matter what. It is not as simple to teach what is right and wrong in this day and age, which is another reason why it is so important. Because of today's society, it has become a standard to disregard morals that we should learn as children and keep with us through our lives. â€Å"In today’s tumultuous society, morality often gets brushed aside as just another part of the fairy tale, and those learning moments of our youth become just another ‘happily ever after' tale that seems unbelievable by today’s standards† (Lebeau). I think it is equally important to teach values so that children are sure to be able to employ them in their lives by helping others. The main passage that I chose is Matthew 25:31-41. This passage talks about treating one another right. Ultimately how we treat one another will determine whether we are saved. It's purpose is to decide whether or not one will be permitted to the eternal kingdom or will be consigned to eternal punishment (NIV, 25:41). The King will separate the children according to whether or not they have helped others when they were in need. This, in turn, makes the obvious point that we need to be taught and to teach others hat is right or wrong and that we need to help each other, regardless of who we are; we do not discriminate. This is shown in one of the verses as follows: â€Å"The King will reply, ‘I tell you the truth, whatever you did for one of the least of these brothers of mine, you did for me'† (25:40). When we do good to others, we are doing good to god. Even though we do not have to opportunity to show this directly, it is seen and is important. Both of these passages are of equal importance when addressing what is right and helping others. Children are the future of humanity, therefore it is essential that this is stressed during the early years of their lives. These situations are presented everyday in life, young and old, and it remains important through all of our years. That is why I enjoyed working with the kids and the fact that I was an influence on them. There is nothing I love more than helping children understand why we are to do what is expected. This was certainly a beneficial experience for me as well as the children and we can all take valuable information and learn from our time together.

Environmental Effects on Human Health Essay

With the vast changes in the environment, human health is at an all time risk. Man has created factors over the years that can be controlled with enormous effort on each individual. Environmental risk factors from natural occurrences are not easily controlled, yet have an astounding effect on human health. Dry conditions have created perfect environment for natural wild fires throughout much of the world causing concern for increased air pollution. Radon gas is a radiation that occurs in nature and has been around since the beginning of time; it is the second leading cause of lung cancer, but can be controlled with little effort. Mold spores in the millions grow in most areas of the world affecting people’s respiratory health, skin, and eyes yet can be prevented. Environmental health risks from natural causes are mostly preventable with diligence from everyone. Wildfires are a combination of grasses, trees and possible building materials. This leaves fine particles in the air that can travel for several miles causing health concerns in areas surrounding the fires. Air pollution caused by wildfires not only hurts your eyes but also can irritate the respiratory system causing people suffering from asthma and chronic lung disease to feel the effects. Chronic heart disease is also affected by the harmful air quality. (Center for Disease Control, 2011) Always check the local air quality index to determine if you are safe outdoors; otherwise, remain indoors with the windows and doors closed and the air conditioning running to keep contaminated outdoor air form coming indoors. Take caution to remove yourself from situations that may be unsafe or harmful to your health. Radon gas is a naturally occurring background radiation that has been around since time began. It is found predominantly in soil, but occurs everywhere. Radon gas is an odorless, tasteless, invisible gas that can seep into our homes through the ground causing serious health problems. Radon gas is the second leading cause of lung cancer. The amount of radon in your house and the amount of time you spend there, determine the risks of getting lung cancer from the gas. Smokers face a much larger risk of getting lung cancer from radon gas than non-smokers. There is a big push by governments across the globe to reduce the risks of lung cancer from radon. There are many myths surrounding radon that the government is working to dispel. Of those myths scientists agree that radon causes thousands of preventable deaths each year from lung cancer, radon testing is easy and can be done by yourself or by a qualified testing company, all homes are affected and homes with dangerously high levels can be easily fixed by professional radon gas mitigators, and every house tests differently. (United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2009) Molds are fungi that grow most everywhere and effect people in all health categories. People with respiratory conditions such as asthma, allergies, and sinusitis have the greatest risks of affected. Individuals with a weakened immune system, children and elderly are at risk of being effective as well. Symptoms that may occur are nasal stuffiness, wheezing, eye irritation, and skin irritations. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010) Mold can be found anywhere but prefer places that are warm and moist. A cleaning solution of one cup bleach to one gallon of water may be used to kill existing mold. Keep areas that are prone to moisture clean and ventilated to reduce potential mold hazards. (Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2006) In summary, human health concerns are at an all time with the vast environmental changes that have occurred. Air quality affected by naturally occurring wildfires has a large impact on people for miles surrounding the fires. Lung cancer caused by naturally occurring radon gases is being addressed by governments across the globe in an attempt to reduce outbreaks. People everywhere are fighting the harmful effects of mold and learning ways to control the infestations. Maintaining good health in a world riddled with natural and manmade environmental concerns requires knowledge, understanding, and effort on every individual.

OMV PETROM, applying integrative organizational change to lead company Essay

OMV PETROM, applying integrative organizational change to lead company become more sustainable - Essay Example The company will understand its requirement to change the values, norms and rules. The company will also understand the need to list individual goals. The listing of goals starts by collecting data and diagnosing the goals. After understanding the elements, a company will need to adjust its management to achieve set goals. The â€Å"Do† part is concerned with implementing the organizational change. â€Å"Check† on the other hand, has its meaning. The corporation should check and evaluate the performance of the organizational change towards the objectives. The company needs to take corrective measure if it is underperforming. The other significant part is â€Å"Act†. After a corporation gathers, all of the data, it should give its reaction, and read the plan to know whether it meets the objectives. If it does not meet the objectives, it needs to change or come up with a new plan to achieve the objectives. The major issue of OMV core competencies is a contradiction with sustainable development. Sustainable development means â€Å"meeting current needs without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own need† (Bocean, and Sitnikov, 2012). This is an issue for oil and gas companies. This is because it is hard to reduce emission by leading OMV to produce long-term energy efficiency. The companies see difficulties in applying safety, security, environmental care and corporate social responsibility while at the same time needs to maintain healthy economic condition. The environment is impacted because a sustainable company reduces the harmful effect to society. For example, in 2010, OMV Corporation produced 184 barrels per day less crude oil of 4.15 and still maintained high net turnover of 18616. This shows the oil company helps to reduce emission that will positively affect the environment. This makes the company receive positive perspectives, and make their employee confident.

The Negative Effects on Children Living In a Single Family Household Research Paper

The Negative Effects on Children Living In a Single Family Household - Research Paper Example One of the consequences that have been experienced by children living in a single parent family household is that children in such families fail to perform well in their educational sphere. This is because when one single parent is running the entire household, they are able to provide less amount of support to their children in shape of emotional as well as monetary support. The educational opportunities that are available to a child of single parent family are much lower than their counterparts. Douglas B. Bowney conducted a research on the educational performance of children living in single father or mother led family households and figured out that those children who were living in such households were not performing as good as the children living in two parent families (Downey, 1994). Due to lack of support in single parent family, children are not provided proper supervision and guidance. Their parents are mostly out at work in order to meet the financial needs and when they come back to their home, they tend to rest because of their hectic working schedules. Children in single parent families even fail to differentiate between right and wrong as the parents are not home to inform them about behaviors that are accepted by the society and behaviors that are considered as deviant. According to Stephen Demuth and Susan L. Brown’s research, children who are born and raised in a single parent household are at a higher risk of committing criminal activities as compared to those who live with two biological parents (Demuth, 2004). Another issue experienced by children living in households of single parent is that they experience ample amount of emotional issues. Children who experience child abuse and divorce are at a higher risk of developing behavioral as well as emotional issues. These children tend to exhibit aggressive behaviors and may even experience higher amount of stress and depression because they

(Human Rights) and (Democracy and the Armed Forces) Essay

(Human Rights) and (Democracy and the Armed Forces) - Essay Example Changes made to the justice structure in some states are essential for reinforcing the sovereignty of national courts. If the top leaders delegitimize a judiciary, it results in an absence of confidence from the people. Slowly, the people will have no option but to turn to illegal ways or implement human rights laws explicitly2. This implementation seems legitimate but it unavoidably results in an accumulation of cases. The avoidance of such cases forms the second reason the police should adhere to human rights and humanitarian law. If the police respect human rights and humanitarian law, the people would not have to resort to illegal ways. Police should adhere to human rights and humanitarian law by respecting the freedom of peaceful assembly3. States should strictly fight police immunity and make sure the law persecutes enforcement officers who violate the human rights of suspects appropriately. The law fosters and secures the ability of a police officer to implement the law the same way the United Nations protects and secures the public’s human rights and humanitarian. Emphasizing the issue of discrimination in housing and learning, and racial profiling as specific issues can make it easier for the police to respect human rights and humanitarian law. Military operations largely entail peacekeeping missions that also largely preach human rights and humanitarian law4. As a result, it is only right for the same soldiers to respect the same laws they are attempting to instill. In fact, the most appropriate way to instill human rights is to implement them during their operations. Another reason for respecting human rights and humanitarian law during military operations is the necessary creation of safe conditions that foster the secure provision of humanitarian support. Even so, if the United States dispatches troops, the effect of the military activities ought to relegate the goal of humanitarian operations5. During

Principles of Business Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Principles of Business - Assignment Example The result might have been conflicts of interest that had negative effects on the financial health of the company. According to the company’s federal tax returns, financial dealings with companies that were owned by board members cost UPMC $10 million. $5 million worth of transactions between businesses connected to the board members were reported in the tax records (Roche Jr., 2010). In reviewing the financial activity, the concept of corporate governance becomes relevant. It is defined as the standards which are deemed as appropriate in the running of the company. Because the management of UPMC engaged in cozy business deals with insiders, costing the company $10 million, it clearly was not recommended by the corporate governance system. The concept of fair market value is also relevant. Because the transactions were affected by the board members’ relationships as reported by the press, the financial activity might not have been conducted at fair market value. A finan cial transaction is conducted at fair market value when the transaction happens at the rate that is set by the market mechanism. Because UPMC awarded contracts to the board members’ companies at favored rates, it cost the company $10 million, resulting in $489 million losses in 2009.

Bonds Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Bonds - Essay Example Bonds carrying premium are issued at a price above the face value of the bond whereas bonds issued at discount are normally below the face value of the bond. There are various reasons as to why the bonds are normally issued at face value, or at discount or at premium and this largely depends upon the different circumstances. If the overall reputation and creditworthiness of the firm is relatively good in the market and investors have relatively better expectations of the future performance of the firm than the firm may be able to sell its bonds at premium. Selling on premium may also be because of the fact that existing bond issues having similar risk characteristics may be offering lower interest rates therefore by if the issuer is willing to offer higher rate of return to the lenders than it may be possible that the bond will be issued at premium. Similarly, bonds may be offered at discount because issuing firm may not enjoy the relatively better credit ratings in the industry and investors are not willing to put more money into the firm. Selling at discount can also be due to the fact that overall yield offered by the bond may be significantly lower than the existing bonds of same risk category thus investors, in order to get compensated for the opportunity forgone to earn higher interest demand from issuing firms to offer their bonds at discount. (Navarro, 2003) Finally issuing bonds at face value indicates the indifference of the investors towards the company i.e. investors may not have relatively more trust in the future prospects of the company and may be expecting to earn normal rate of returns on their investment. Selling at face value does not however mean that the firm is not doing well or may be facing difficulties in future but in actual it indicates the ability of the firm to match its offerings according to the market expectations. There are different reporting requirements for bonds issued at premium, discount and face

Summary of Thucydides, The Melian Dialog. Summary of Machiavelli, Essay

Summary of Thucydides, The Melian Dialog. Summary of Machiavelli, Chapter 18 of the Prince - Essay Example Before this, the Athenians already had invaded an island Argos with a considerable amount of army and arrested their 300 men. Melos, like all the other islanders had refused the submissiveness towards the Athenians hence resulting in the revulsion from the Athenians empire. They were also offended by the Melian’s supportive towards the Sparta. They surrounded the Melos Island and before the attack they offered their options for the Melos, that if they surrender, then there should be no fight and the Athenians will not behead their men, and will bestow their and their loved ones’ lives. Athenian stated that they have ruled the place for so many years and they have the right to conquer and as Melian have never harmed them that’s why they are offering this great treaty of submission. Melians, unlike the Athenian representatives took a defensive stance towards the argument and asked another possibility of being a neutral friend between the Athenians and the Sparta. A thenian refused it, and said that their men think that as they were the warriors, it is their right to conquer the inferiors and subjugate others and if not done so, this will be considered as an act of shame and disgrace. Melians retorted by saying that, with such Athenian’s attitude, it reflects that any piece of land refuting the submission towards the Athenians would equivocally become the same as the Athenians as they refuse the Athenian’s governance over them. Then the discussion of God’s help flared up and with this Melian made their point that whatever the case may it is impossible for them to submit themselves, and give up the independence their men and women possessed for 700 years as this will be considered as the act of disgrace and shame from their side. They believed that their gods will bless them with success and often in a fight the chances of weak side depends upon the odds and the battle plan as well. Athenian representatives riposted that they appreciate

Introduction the Critique of Pure Reason Research Paper

Introduction the Critique of Pure Reason - Research Paper Example In Kant’s arguments, he spoke of the concepts that structure human experience. Kant termed the perceptions that structure human experience as fundamental concepts. On the topic of morality, Kant argued that there cannot be any morality without reason. Kant paced reason as the driver towards a morality motivated life. Immanuel Kant stated that reasoning was the basis of human existence, and moral being should embrace logic for a peaceful and well-developed life. Kant is an individual who had a foremost influence in the present day thinking and practice. Kant had an imperative knowledge in the field of metaphysics, ethics, esthetics and political philosophy. The knowledge that Kant had in the above fields was a particular strength and motivator towards coming up with his findings on human experience. Kant’s experience in different areas of philosophy enabled him conduct his research from different perspectives. Kant, therefore, came up with enough prove to support his arg ument. Kant’s argument is considered one of the building stones in the modern society because morality and human experience are some of the infinite features of human existence. Immanuel Kant, therefore, remains an important figure up to today, due to his advancements on the requirements for human life in the modern contemporary society. On the concept of priori judgment, Kant had several observations to make. Kant stipulated that there were two types of propositions; analytic and synthetic propositions. Priori judgment is also known as analytic experience. Analytic judgments are perceptions or concepts that can be said to be true by virtues of their meaning. Kant explained that some ideas of thought needed minimal explanations. The ideas purely express themselves without the need for the further course of reasoning (Kant, pg. 44). Such prepositions are referred to as analytic because their analysis does not necessarily mean it has to be related

Organizational Leadership 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Organizational Leadership 2 - Essay Example (Northouse, 2009) Leaders enjoy the loyalty and support of their followers owing to the fact that the leaders derive their status and charisma through power. Some leaders tend to have better charisma and personality which can readily influence the followers and as such a leader becomes a source of inspiration for the followers. It’s because of this reason that the followers therefore tend to show their overall respect and loyalty to the leader and the leader in return reward such behaviors through motivating the employees either by explicit or intrinsic motivators. However, such things largely depend upon how the overall relationship between the leaders and the followers is shaped. If the relationship is based upon reward and loyalty the overall relationship would be rich enough to ensure that the leaders can develop a shared vision and achieve the common goals set for the organization as a whole and followers participate to achieve such goals. Recognition therefore is one of the key to the overall idea of relationship between the leaders and the supporters and largely defines how effective the overall leadership process would be. Since a leader is always required to ensure that a common ground is developed where everyone is required to know and practice the shared values and achieve the common goals set for the organization. As such this could only be possible when a leader has the ability to recognize the genuine needs of the followers and take action actions in order to ensure that such genuine needs and contributions are recognized at the different level within an organization. (MacArthur, 2006) Leadership as a process involves the development of a shared vision in order to achieve the common goals set for the organization. As such it becomes important to understand that leadership process requires subjects which can show the overall loyalty to the leader. The trait theory of the leadership outline that the leaders are often born and the leadership a s a process has been defined as a set of properties required to be successful as a leader. Such conceptual approach to leadership therefore outline that leaders though may be born require to have the kind of traits which can help them to develop rich relationship with their followers in order to achieve the relative success for the organization as a whole. The formality of leadership i.e. leaders becoming leaders due to their position in the organization also entails a certain degree of relationship between the leader and the follower. One of the essential requirements of an effective leader is to cultivate loyalty among its followers and this could only be achieved when the overall relationship between the leaders and the followers are such that they generate the required level of loyalty from the followers. Under the servant leadership model, it is often assumed that in order to generate the kind of loyalty from the followers, leaders must serve them. (Sherry K. Schneider, 2011). Serving the followers therefore create the required level of loyalty and enrich the relationship between the followers and the leaders. This enrichment of the relationship therefore ultimately results into the success for leadership as a process also. Later research on leadership also outline that the authenticity of the leadership is probably the most important trait required under the leadership. Authenticity for the leaders however, is

Bioinformatics for geneticists Essay Example for Free

Bioinformatics for geneticists Essay Bioinformatics is a recently evolved field in biology. The definition is still evolving but in essence, bioinformatics is the â€Å"computational branch of molecular biology† (Claverie 2007, p. 9). This is because the field integrates computer technology and information processing systems to combine biological data and analyse biological problems. The primary aim of this new field is the ascertainment of biological insights and establishment of a global view to support a unified understanding of concepts in biology. This found application in genetics by addressing the need for a database containing large volumes of biological information, especially on gene sequences. Eventually, bioinformatics allowed geneticists to access available data on genetics and combine new data for analysis to support continuity of knowledge building on genetics. (National Center for Biotechnology Information 2004) Bioinformatics Challenges for the Geneticist Bioinformatics create a number of challenges for geneticists. The aim of bioinformatics is three-fold. First is storage of large bulks of information in accessible databases. Second is the development and application of computer systems to support analysis. Third is the development of computer systems allowing interpretation of analysed data in a biologically meaningful manner. (Luscombe, Greenbaum Gerstein 2001) The second and third aims pose challenges for geneticists who need to be adept not only in accessing but also in developing and using information system tools in analysing and interpreting data in the context of genetic research. Having existing information in a database is useless without the competence to access specific data and integrate this with new data as well as analyse and interpret these in the context of the particular genetic research. Bioinformatics Needs of Geneticists Bioinformatics supports the needs of geneticists. One justification for computational systems in genetic research is to develop a global view of experimental design to integrate research efforts and results in different countries. This is necessary to link and bring together all existing knowledge on various areas of genetic research, especially nucleic and amino acid sequences. Another justification for bioinformatics in genetics research is database mining to facilitate the generation and testing of hypothesis on the functions and structures of gene and proteins by using available data as framework (Barnes Gray 2003) Managing and Manipulating Genetic Data Generally, there are two ways of managing and manipulating data. One is the use of software. A number of software emerged supporting the development genetic linkage maps and other purposes. Although software varies in function, the common aim is to aid in understanding genetic linkage information and automating the research process to support effective map building. (Weaver et al. 1992) The other is network systems comprised of a database and accessibility through network connections. Networks allow geneticists to access available information such as on genetic markers so they can combine this with new data for analysis and interpretation. This supports the continuity of global genetics research. (Cheung et al. 1996) Value of Bioinformatics The essence of bioinformatics to genetic research is innovativeness and huge potential in developing novel approaches to genetics research. Bioinformatics has the potential to analyse and interpret data not only for purposes of completing the research purpose but also for the practical purpose of usefulness in diagnosis or therapy. (Jones Phillip 2000) The potential of bioinformatics in translating genetic data into practical solutions for actual biological problems accounts for the expected increase in the value of the bioinformatics market to billions of dollars in the next five years (World Bioinformatics Market 2008). Bioinformatics for Genetic Study Designs and Analysis Bioinformatics allowed the development of better study designs and analysis for genetic research that address previous methodological problems. Genetics and bioinformatics both adhere to collaborative investigations. Genetic research necessitates phenotypes and researcher expertise in mapping or sequencing studies while bioinformatics depends on high quality databases as well as access and integration tools and expertise. (Schmidt 2003) Collaborative designs constitute a common challenge in genetics and bioinformatics. With bioinformatics, problem identification in research focuses on testing hypothesis such as gene identification in cancer research or linking new and previous data such as on mutations. Data gathering is through data mining by searching various databases using the Internet and networks. Data is then subject to integration and organisation according to the biological problem studied such as combining data on protein structure with its properties and functions contained in various databases. Data analysis considers breadth and depth. Breadth refers to analytical processes comparing genes using algorithms while depth pertains to the determination protein encoding of a particular gene. Tools such as modelling and simulation support data interpretation and presentation. (Luscombe et al. 2001) In the case of gene expression research, this required the efficient analysis of microarrays and population. Bioinformatics provided two-colour microarrays as a more effective analytical design by covering twice the number of distant pair design profiles and population. (Fu Jansen 2006) In cancer epidemiology research, bioinformatics supported the integration of genetic susceptibility factors to create innovative study designs (Malats Castano-Vinyals 2007). Non-Coding RNA Bioinformatics Bioinformatics plays an important role in non-coding RNA research. Hiro et al. (2006) explained that non-coding RNA genes have weak statistical signals and the potential of bioinformatics addresses this limitation by providing systems of searching and predicting non-coding RNA. Huang et al. (2008) discussed that bioinformatics can support non-coding RNA search through CYK-type and covariance programs but there is need to improve further programs to accommodate arbitrary RNA structures. Bioinformatics and Cancer Genetics Bioinformatics supports genetic research on cancer. Kato and Kato (2006) reported that that bioinformatics supports cancer research through omics data functions to support knowledge on genetic biomarkers linked to cancer including ‘predisposition, diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic markers’ using data and text mining programs. Barnes and Gray (2007) explained the contributions of bioinformatics to cancer genetics as cancer genomes, cancer genetics design, cancer gene mutations, and other breakthroughs. Bioinformatics and Gene Identification Biotechnology significantly contributes to the identification of disease genes by allowing the management of large bulks of data including DNA sequences and microarray data in identifying genetic functions that cause diseases. Chen and Chen (2008) explained the role of bioinformatics in linking genes and disease outcomes through gene identification algorithms incorporates into analytical software. Algorithms direct calculation and data processing by providing a sequence of instructions in handling data. Tu et al. (2006) discussed the use of the network-based stochastic algorithm in inferring disease causing genes and identifying regulatory pathways. Bioinformatics in Single Gene Orders and Mutations Bioinformatics is also useful in studying single gene orders and mutations to ascertain genetic causes of monogenic diseases. Barnes and Gray (2007) explained that the data storage and processing solutions of bioinformatics led to outcomes such as the genome-wide map of monogenic diseases, understanding of the nature of mutations in single gene orders, and implications of epigenetics on Mendelian traits. Cooper, Stenson and Chuzhanova (2006) explained that bioinformatics support studies of single gene orders and mutations via the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) that contains a wide range of information on nuclear genes, particularly germ-line mutations that are associated with inherited diseases. In 2005, the database contained 53,000 lesions together with data on DNA sequences, splice junction, and polymorphisms. The database provides core data with which new data is combined to build knowledge on monogenic diseases. Bioinformatics and Genetic Data Mining Bioinformatics supports data mining and analysis in genetics research. Wang et al. (2005) explained that bioinformatics support genetic data mining and analysis through various databases on areas of genetic studies such as the gene mutation databases as well as software or programs operating through context-based algorithms. This enables analytical processes, to integrate genetic data, via clustering methods for microarrays, comparison of DNA structures, identification of sequence characteristics, discovering disease markers, indexing of pathways and sequences, among others analytical outcomes. Geneticists can select which algorithmic tool in bioinformatics to use in managing and analysing particular data involved in the study or integrating data from various databases. Since bioinformatics continues to evolve, new analytical tools would evolve to address current problems in data mining and analysis for genetic research. The National Center for Biotechnology Information (2004) identified two breakthrough contributions of bioinformatics in genetic data mining and analysis. One is protein modelling. DNA sequences can encode proteins with particular functions but protein structures cannot be visually seen using x-ray crystallography or nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy making it difficult to study protein encoding. Bioinformatics allows protein modelling to visualize proteins in three-dimensions and by using templates enables the prediction of structures of similar proteins. The other is genomic mapping for the management of sequence information, which is painstaking when manually made. Bioinformatics provide maps to guide geneticists in pointing the precise location of gene sequences. Bioinformatics in Improving Genetic Research Schmidt (2003) explained that bioinformatics improve genetic research by providing evolving and improving means of managing data explosion. Research advancements resulted to large data on nucleotide sequences comprising DNA and amino acid sequences comprising proteins stored in databases around the world. However, manually pulling out data for use in succeeding studies and analysing vast data takes time. Manual study of outputs has become tedious. Bioinformatics improve genetic research by allowing geneticists to search databases for the gene composition, proteins and mutations as well as model the chemical and structural compositions of living cells to support various health implications such as cancer and drug studies. A researcher cannot be familiar with every known genetic interaction, so that bioinformatics becomes necessary in managing and interpreting systems-level information. Conclusion Bioinformatics has transformed the field of biology, particularly genetics, by providing approaches, processes and tools to ease the difficulties of managing and analysing large bulks of data that have accumulated over decades of genetic research. Bioinformatics has made genetics an information and practice science from primarily a laboratory-based science. Furthermore, the continuously evolving field of biometrics holds the potential to facilitate further advancements in genetics through the development of new software, algorithms, and processes useful in filling research gaps in genetics. However, geneticists play an important role in directing and enhancing the role of bioinformatics in genetics. This requires geneticists to understand bioinformatics to develop data processing and analytical tools addressing the different needs in various areas of genetic research. References Barnes, M. R,. Gray, I. C. eds. , 2007. Bioinformatics for geneticists. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Publishing, Inc. Chen, Y. P. Chen, F. , 2008. Using bioinformatics techniques for gene identification in drug discovery and development. Current Drug Metabolism, 9(6), pp. 567-573. Cheung, K. H. , Nadkarni, P. , Silverstein, S. , Kidd, J. R. , Pakstis A. J. , Miller P. Kidd K. K. , 1996. 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Bioinformatics, 24(20), pp. 2281-2287. Jones, P. B. Phillip, B. C. , 2000. The commercialization of bioinformatics. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 3(2). Available at: http://www. scielo. cl/scielo. php? pid=S0717-34582000000200002script=sci_arttext [Accessed 14 October 2008] Katoh, M. Katoh, M. , 2006. Bioinformatics for cancer management in the post-genome era. Technology in Cancer Research Treatment, 5(2), pp. 169-175. Luscombe, N. M. , Greenbaum, D. Gerstein, M. , 2001, What is bioinformatics? A proposed definition and overview of the field. Methods of Information in Medicine, 40, pp. 346–58. Malats, N. Castano-Vinyals, G. , 2007. Cancer epidemiology: study designs and data analysis. Clinical and Translational Oncology, 9(5), pp. 290-297 National Center for Biotechnology Information, 2004 Bioinformatics, Available at: http://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/About/primer/bioinformatics. html [Accessed 14 October 2008] Schmidt, C. W. , 2003. 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The History Of Wizard Of Oz Film Studies Essay

The History Of Wizard Of Oz Film Studies Essay This essay is based on a mass media product from the past. The media product is a film titled The Wizard of Oz (1939). I have researched my media product and I will be critically analysing it in the essay; When wa it made? Where was it made? Why was it made, (what was its function)? Who made it (artists, producers, media companies and institutions)? Who was it made for (who was the commissioner/client/intended audience)? How was it made (what materials, processes and technologies were used in its production and distribution)? How was it received (how did contemporary critics, com+mentators or audiences respond to the product) Research the historical context in which the media product was produced. Research how the media product is remembered or regarded today. describe how it was read when it was produced and examine how those readings are different today. The Wizard of Oz (1939) is based on a novel by Lyman Frank Baum called The wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900). It is a musical that tells the story of a young girl from Kansas who enters a magical fantasy world called Oz, where she meets a group of friends and experiences a variety of exciting adventures. L. Frank Baum was an American author of childrens books, well recognized for writing The Wonderful Wizard of OZ. Before the creation of The Wizard of Oz (1939), earlier series and films and were constructed; The Wizard of Oz (1908), The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1910), Scarecrow in Oz (1910), and The Land of Oz (1910), The Patchwork Girl of Oz (1914), The Magic Cloak of Oz (1914), His Majesty, the Scarecrow of Oz (1914/15), The Wizard of Oz (1921), The Wizard of Oz (1925). The Wizard of Oz (1939) was influenced by the success of Disneys Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937). Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs was filmed using Technicolor and showed that films adapted from popular childrens stories and fairytale legends could be successful, this inspired (MGM Studios) Metro Goldwyn Mayer to produce its own fictional movie. The Wizard of Oz was a box office success and a major hit with audience and critics. It was the second biggest grossing film in year 1939, after Gone with the Wind (which was first), The Hunchback of Notre Dame (third), Jesse James (fourth), and Mr Smith Goes to Washington (placed at fifth). The film was MGMs most expensive production up to that time; but its initial release failed to recoup the studios investment and the film did not make a profit. However, subsequent re-releases made up for that as the popularity of the movie increased in intensity. Additionally, the popularity and acceptance of the film also increased after it was on-screen for the first time in year 1956 on the CBS Network. An estimate of 45 Million viewers watched the airing of the first television broadcast and since then The Wizard of Oz has aired on television numerously wining an even larger audience. At present, a number of the films famous lines, including and Toto, Ive a feeling were not in Kansas anymore and Theres no place like home are familiar to todays generation. The Wizard of Oz (1939) was made and filmed in Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios, Culver City, California, United States of America. It was released on the 12th of August 1939. The film was produced by Metro Goldwyn Mayer (MGM Studios), and directed by Mervyn LeRoy, Victor Fleming and King Vidor. Screenplay was written by Edgar Allan Woolf, Noel Langley and Florence Ryerson. Main characters in the film include; Dorothy (Judy Garland), Scarecrow (Ray Bolger), Tzeke/Cowardly Lion (Bert Lahr) and the tin man (Jack Haley). All of the featured actors and actresses that starred in the film had a prosperous and successful career. This is the film that they have become best known for and in some cases the only film they are remembered for. In year 1989, The Wizard of Oz was selected by the United States of America Library of Congress for preservation in the National Film Registry. The Wizard of Oz was nominated for six Academy Awards including Best Picture but lost to the civil war epic Gone with the Wind (1939). It was undoubtedly the most amazingly productive and dynamic year in Hollywood history. The Wizard of Oz won two Academy Awards. One for best musical scoring with Herbert Arlen (having been responsible for the background music) and the other award was for best song with Harold Arlen (music) and Edgar Yipsel Harburg (lyrics) for the song Over the Rainbow which became one of Judy Garlands signature hits. Judy Garlands profession was taken to the limelight after featuring in The Wizard of Oz. She received an Honorary Academy Award for her outstanding performance as a screen juvenile. Judy had just finished the successful hit films Love Finds Andy Hardy (1938) and Babes in Arms (1939). The Wizard Of Oz (1939) is amongst early colour films. The film was recorded in black and white and in colour. The black and white scenes in the film were actually filmed on a sepia tone and the colour scenes were filmed using vivid Technicolor, a relatively new film process at the time. The process of using Technicolor to created coloured vivid images, involves the merging of two or more single strips of exposed film tinted with special dyes. Technicolor is the technology behind the classic colour films like  Gone With the Wind  (1939),  Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), An American in Paris  (1951) etc. In the film, scenes that require different colour sequence had to be created practically. Created shots involved matte paintings for backgrounds and painting items or things to create a different colour sequence e.g. four separate horses were tinted for the horse of a different colour sequence. Furthermore, the cost of making the film was placed above $2, 000,000 (whic h is approximately and roughly $47,000,000  at present) almost three times the cost of an average film at the time.   MGM Studios initially placed the cost of the film at over $500,000 below the cost of the movie. (And they anticipated the cost to be around 1, 300,000 (below the cost of the movies The Wizard of Oz (1939) was released just as the Second World War commenced (began in 1939 and ended in 1945). At that time, the world had fell into chaos as Germany had taken over Czechoslovakia and invaded Poland. As a result of the actions of Germany, commotion and confusion was around the world. At the same time, Metro Goldwyn Mayer Studios released a film that embraces kindness, charity, friendship and love. The wizard of Oz was dedicated to the young, and the young in heart and is aimed at audiences of all ages all over the world. In Rotten Tomatoes, The Wizard of Oz has an average rating of 9.2/10. An absolute masterpiece whose ground breaking visuals and deft storytelling are still every bit as resonant, The Wizard of Oz is a must-see film for young and old. Today, the wizard of Oz is remembered as one of Hollywood timeless movie classics. Its popularity has only continued to grow, inspiring an overabundance of songs and artwork. CONCLUSION The Wizard of Oz (1939) has become a true cinema classic, one that resonates with hope and love every time and today it remains one of the most beloved works of cinema, embraced by audiences of all ages throughout the world. actor

The Legacy Of The Scientific Revolution Philosophy Essay

The Legacy Of The Scientific Revolution Philosophy Essay There were so many ideas that so many talented individuals combined to create a movement that swept across the world from Europe all the way to America throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Many scientists of this time were trying to achieve their idea of having a world without a social order, a higher level of class, and no institutionalized cruelty. This era became known as The Scientific Revolution. Scientists were opening new doors and making remarkable discoveries in technology, mathematics, medicine, astronomy. It was during this time scientists were examining old and new theories from past cultures and ages. The scientists of this time went beyond simple observation. They wanted to know nature and the worlds deepest secrets and in order to do that, they had to experiment. Experiments in this time were vital to science so that they could explain why nature and the world as we know it does what it does. Not all were even right but nonetheless they were exploring ne w ideas and taking risks which in turn provided us with some of the most important laws and theories that have changed the world we live in and continue to change the world to this very day. These scientists have become famous for their discoveries and for giving mankind different ideas and knowledge that in some sense have became world changing. I am going to go into depth about the scientists of this time and how their ideas created the legacy that is known as The Scientific Revolution. Scrupulous observations and a willingness to question accepted beliefs I feel would describe Nicolaus Copernicus. He was a polish priest and an astronomer who for 25 years studied planetary movements and created his own theories on how the stars, earth, and the other planets revolved around the sun. His theory was called the heliocentric or sun-centered theory and was pretty serious for him considering it challenged the religious view at the time. Thought he was not the first who introduced this theory, he was able to work out this theory in full mathematical detail. Copernicus had integrated physics with the demands of astronomy and was the first person in history to achieve completing a complete and general solar system combining physics, mathematics, and cosmology. In doing this, he motivated other scientists to attempt to perfect and his ideas paved roads and paths to new more elaborate ideas. Copernicus had never published his findings and theories because of how it challenged t he churchs ideas on the location of earth in the heavens. It wasnt until right before his death, his apprentice convinced him to publish what was called On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres. This publication was described as a revolution making rather than a revolutionary text (Kagan, Ozmet, Turner 408). Copernicus theories and ideas set the example and started the beginning of a revolution of ideas and theories that we still carry with us today. Copernicus work inspired another scientist to continue researching new ideas. Tycho Brache and his assistant Johannes Kepler continued to further investigate and perfect Copernicus ideas. Kepler believed that certain mathematical laws promote planetary motion. One of his laws showed that the planets revolved around the sun in elliptical orbits instead of circles. Keplers laws showed that Copernicus was onto something with his ideas. Once Brache passed, Kepler continued to his work to prove that we lived in a sun-centered universe. He then made a new model that would abandon Copernicus circular components and instead he would adopt a new theory. This model was the first astronomically that actually showed motion in the direction the planets were moving. They werent circular like previous theories, his ideas made them elliptical. This scientific law that each planets orbit is an eclipse with the sun has made a huge impact on todays aerospace program around the world. Today Keplers law is used on all unmanned aircraft from the Sputnik (our first artificial satellite) to COMSAT, INTELSAT, NAVASTAR. After Keplers time came Galileo Galilei in the 1600s. He was absolutely brilliant and earned himself many nicknames like hero of modern science, father of modern science, father of modern astronomy, or father of modern mathematics. Galileos theories were based on real experimentation not philosophical ideals. One of his first experiments where with a pendulum. He noticed that when its swinging it gradually slows down. Each time it swings, it covers less area but always takes the same amount of time for each swing. He concluded that this would be a good timing mechanism for a clock or even to count peoples heartbeats. Galileo proved Aristotles theory that objects that are heavier fall faster wrong. He climbed to the top of a very tall building and dropped cannonballs of all different weights from it just to test Aristotles theory. He found that the theory was incorrect and that the balls all hit the ground at the very same time no matter what their weight was. In doing this experiment he was able to get answers faster than he would have if he had just observed random objects falling in everyday life. Galileo was most known for his improvements of the telescope and the discoveries he made when viewing the planets (1609). He saw the stars, mountains on the moon, blemishes on the sun, and even was able to see the moons orbiting around jupiter. It was then he realized that what he was seeing was way more than anyone had ever explained or seen. It was another one of Aristotles theories that the moons and stars were smooth and perfect but what Galileo seen was contradictory. He seen they were very uneven and rough. He published these observations and theories in a series of newsletters to share with the public. They were called Starry Messenger (1610) and Letters on Sunspots (1613). Galileo supported the ideas and theories of Copernicus. Even though by this time he was considered a prodigy of science the Catholic Church had a serious issue with him backing Copernicuss theories. They had warned him but he decided to silently continue his studies. Until 1632 when he publishes his book, Dialogues concerning the Two Great World Systems that it very clearly shows that he indeed supported the theories he denied. He lived on house till his death in 1642, but his books and ideas still spread throughout the world. There were still questions that 17th century scientists couldnt figure out about the planets and how they moved about like they did. Isaac Newton answered these by bringing together all of their ideas, theories, and breakthroughs and put them all into one theory of motion. Keplers ideas were about how the planets orbited around the sun, Galileo has studied the motion of pendulums, so Newtons theory was that this same single force controlled all the motions and matter on Earth and in outer space. In discovering this, another theory of Aristotles was proven wrong, but his ideas were never bad in the sense that they made other scientists think and further their studies. Which is exactly what happened here. This discovery of Newtons became known as The Law of Universal Gravitation. It meant that everything in the world was attracted to every other object. The strength of the attraction depends on how big something is or how close. This whole theory explains a lot about how the planets or bit around the sun. Newton went on to publish Principia de Mathematica. It is said that this book was the greatest works in the history of science (qtd. in Isaac Newton and the Scientific Revolution 2012). In this book he talks about his laws of motion and his theory of gravity. Newton has really helped life today with his laws of motion. He gave the world a mathematical explanation of gravity, he taught us how forces and motion all relate, and he gifted the world with laws of motion that we commonly use today. Have you ever been on an airplane? Have you ever watched a spaceship shoot off into space? All of these things happening coincide with Newtons laws of motion. His theories have become such an important staple even in our everyday lifes. I think Newtons ideas and theories are what represent the highest level of achievements of the Scientific Revolution. He is an exact example of why this time period has such a legacy and importance. These scientists all contributed amazing ideas and theories. They used each others ideas as learning foundations for their own ideas and have given the world some of the most useful scientific laws and knowledge. These men all together developed a modern approach to science using logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas. This became known as the Scientific Method. The method starts by having a question or problem that you would get by having an observation. Then the scientist would form a hypothesis (initial idea), and then they would test this in an experiment. In the final part of the process, the scientists would analyze and interpret their results to reach a final conclusion. This is when you can either say if the hypothesis is right or wrong. This method is used all around the world. From grade school science class all the way to college science courses. Along with the scientists of this time, there were also talented philosophers during this time providing ideas and challenging the times. Francis Bacon had a very strong interest in science. He thought scientists would generate knowledge that would improve peoples lives if they had a greater understanding of our world. He always pushed scientists to experiment and take in the world, gather information, and then they could draw observations and conclusions about all the information they found. This method is called empiricism. It has become something that is now used throughout the world by scientists. Renee Descartes was a philosopher who relied on mathematics and logic. He wasnt big on using experimentation. This was a new approach to things. Descartes developed analytical geometry. It linked the two and he thought it provided a new approach for scientific research. He also believed everything should be questioned until proven to be true. Descartes is known by saying I think therefore I am. Modern scientific methods have been based on the ideas of Bacon and Descartes. It is through their thoughts and ideas that we have achieved a more reasonable understanding of our world today. Thomas Hobbes was said to be the most original philosopher of the 17th century (Kagan, Ozment, and Turner 415). He had a darker view of human nature. In a nutshell he thought all men were out for themselves when it comes down to it. He saw things much differently than most people in that time. His thoughts brought him to the conclusion that human beings only exist to meet the needs of everyday life. He felt that giving yourself to an absolute government was the only way to protect yourself and your rights. John Lockes thoughts were much brighter. He was a very influential man because of his thoughts politically and philosophically in the 17th century (Kagan, Ozment, and Turner. 416). The Declaration of Independance actually used some of his ideas. He said that the kind of government the people should have must be determined by human experience and reason, not the God given authority of kings (Henderson and Yount 40). It is these ideas that proved Locke to be one of the most influencial thinkers of this time. His works really influenced political philosophies of this time too. His writing, Letter Concerning Toleration gave people a reason to have religious tolerance. He argued in his writings that human beings cannot alone evaluate the real claims of different religious standpoints in religion. He felt that if you enforce one single religion it wouldnt have the desired effect because you cannot force someone to have a true belief in something. Lastly if this was made to happen it would just mess society up more. Lockes beliefs were different than that of Hobbes. He thought humans had reason and even tolerance, though he did also agree that it was human nature to be selfish and when money was created, this was proven. It is because of the legacy the Scientific Revolution carries that other scientists continue to study, improve theories, and uncover secrets that our Earth has to offer. The scientific method has became important in many different situations. Scientists to this day continue to develop new tools and theories that originated from the scientists and philosophers of this time. We have gained the first microscope during this time, the first mercury barometer, also the first thermometer. All of which we still use. In modern times so many improvements have been achieved in medicine, the human body, and in the natural world because of the ideas during the scientific revolution.

The Sotah Ritual in Ancient Israel Essay -- Book of Numbers Religion I

The Sotah Ritual in Ancient Israel Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The ritual of the sotah from the book of Numbers is a fascinating passage to read in the Hebrew Bible. For one thing, this ritual deals with the idea of a man being able to bring his wife to trial, even if he has no evidence against her. While such an instance might be seen as negative treatment of women, others might explain it as the Israelites’ constant concern over the idea of impurity. Another interesting aspect of the sotah rite is that it is the only example of an ordeal similar to those practiced in other cultures of the Ancient Near East. While other ordeals are told mostly in story form, Num. 5:11-31 is the only instance in which the actual process of an ordeal is laid out point by point. Finally, the ritual merits attention due to its continued practice even after the Temple was destroyed, as is depicted in the Talmud. These reasons and more are evidence as to why this small 20 verse passage has been subject to such scrutiny and study over the co urse of the years. Adultery in the Hebrew Bible The ritual for the â€Å"errant woman† in Numbers 5:11-31 is only one of many instances in the Old Testament that deals with the crime of adultery. The crime is described throughout the books in the Hebrew Bible, such as Genesis 20:6, Lev. 18:20, Ezek. 18:6, Ps. 51:6, and Mal. 3:5. A variety of texts discuss the evil of adultery. The Israelites held the act in such harsh light, that a commandment against committing adultery is found in the Decalogue. This certainly indicates that extra-martial affairs were viewed in a severe manner. In the Hebrew Bible, adultery is considered a capital crime, punishable by the population stoning the adulterous wife and her lover to death. Deut. 22:20 commands this communal punishment in order to â€Å"sweep away evil from Israel.† The question remains as to why this crime was considered to be such a transgression. Several explanations exist to account for the seriousness of the crime. A significant aspect of life in the Ancient Near East was the importance of the family line. One of the most frightening ideas in the Bible is the punishment of karet, an Israelite’s being cut off from the community. This is understood as early death and childlessness, or the death of one’s descendants . Such an event could result from an unfaithful wife conceiving a son with the adulterer. I... ...der: Westview Press,  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1998. McKane, William. â€Å"Poison, Trial by Ordeal, and the Cup of Wrath.† Vetus  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Testamentum. Vol. XXX (1980). McKeating, Henry. â€Å"Sanctions Against Adultery in Ancient Israelite Society with Some Reflection on Methodology in the Study of Old Testament Ethics.† Journal for the Study  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  of the OldTestament. Vol. XVII (Mar. 1979). Milgrom, Jacob. â€Å"A Husband’s Pride, A Man’s Prejudice: The Public Ordeal†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Bible  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Review. Vol. XII. (Aug. 1996). Morgenstern, Julian. â€Å"Trial By Ordeal Among the Semites and in Ancient Israel.†Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hebrew Union College Annual. Vol. II, (1925). Neusner, Jacob. The Talmud of the Land of Israel: An Academic Commentary to 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Divisions, Atlanta: Scholar’s Press, 1998. -----------------. The Talmud of the Land of Israel: A Complete Outline of the 2nd, 3rd, and  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4th Divisions, Atlanta: Scholar’s Press, 1998. Pardee, Dennis. â€Å"Marim in Num. 5.† Vetus Testamentum. Vol. XXXI (1985). Phillips, Andrew. â€Å"Another Look at Adultery.† Journal for the Study of the Old   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Testament. Vol. XX (July, 1981). Sasson, Jack M. â€Å"Num. 5 and the Waters of Judgment.† Biblische Zeifschrift. Vol. XIV  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (1972).

John Steinbeck The Pearl Essay -- essays research papers

The Pearl John Steinbeck Kino, is a poor Indian fisherman who lives on the Gulf of California with his wife Juana and baby son Coyotito. They are very poor but happy family. When he finds the â€Å"pearl of the world† he believes that wonderful things will come from selling it. As he tries to sell the pearl he realizes that the local businessmen will cheat him and decides to travel to sell it. When it is realized that Kino has murdered the man who tried to steal his prize possession the family is forced to run from their village. Trackers are sent to find them and, in desperation and rage Kino kills the men, not realizing that their gunfire has killed his son. The pearl was supposed to bring him happiness and money but instead it brings death and evil. In spite of being poor, Kino is happy,...

How the Catholic Church Survived Two Thousand :: Essays Papers

How the Catholic Church Survived Two Thousand Introduction On theDay of Pardon in the Year of Jubilee, 2000 years after the birth of JesusChrist, Pope John Paul II and several other high members of the Catholic Churchperformed a prayer of forgiveness and confession, apologizing for all thewrongdoings of the Church. The Pope said later that they had been preparing todo this for several years, but had chosen the year 2000 Further, the Popeactually apologizing for the wrongdoings of the Church poses several questions:â€Å"Why did the Pope need to apologize: what ills did the Church, itsofficials and it followers commit that required the Pope to publicly clear hisconscience by apologizing for them? Further, to what extent did the Churchembody both human and divine e! lements in the past, and to what extent does ittoday?† To understand the Catholic Church today it is essential tounderstand the society it was born into and how the culture and politics of thepast 2000 years have shaped the Church and the Bible itself. After oneacknowledges the behavior and dogma that dominated the papacy in theChurch’s history (including the papal infallibility clause stating thatthe Pope being God’s voice on earth, can do no wrong), one can see howrevolutionary these speeches really were. TheEarly Church Effectivelyunderstanding the Catholic Church today requires one to unders! tand how theculture and politics of the Roman Empire shaped the structure of the Church andthe Bible itself. Jesus lived in what is modern day Palestine, which was partof the Roman Empire. Judaism and Hellenistic Greek traditions were the dominantreligions of the day. Several sects of Jews existed but although they agreed onthe basic tenets of Judaism —there is only one God, God’s peopleought to follow certain guidelines and God would fulfill his promise—they spent most of their time bickering over how to serve God. Theearly Church faced several struggles such as maintaining the purity ofChristianity, defining the structure of the Church and surviving the constantattacks on Christians by the Roman Empire. One of the Church’s firststruggles! was to define itself vis-à  -vis the Jewish tradition and theRoman World. Both Paul and the Book of Acts reveal questions and issues theearly Church wrestled with. For example: â€Å"Should Christianity be its ownreligion or a new sect of Judaism?† â€Å"Which books should be includedin the Bible and which were the works of heretics?†

Memo in Finance Essay

This memo is being prepared to analyze the acceptability of the new production facility for company at different hurdle rates and the implications of accepting the same on company earnings, cash flow and contribution to return on equity. This will strengthen the justification why this project was chosen as against other options. This project has positive net present value (NPV) at different rates of 10, 15% and 18%, which makes it acceptable. Positive NPV in finance theory means that at cost of capital, the present values of cash outflow and outflows will be beneficial to the company as it will increase the company cash position and earnings (Brigham and Houston, 2002). To illustrate if the NPV of $1,291,659. 16, if is assumed to be most accurate value based on cost of capital at 10%, then said amount is effectively an increase in cash under the balance sheet of the same amount and increase in income under the income statement. See Appendix A. Increasing cash position improves as well liquidity position of the company. Liquidity position is measured by quick ratio and current ratio. In both cases, increasing cash, which is part of quick assets or current assets, by certain amounts without corresponding increase in current liability will definitely increase the said liquidity ratios and could strengthen the company’s position against possible bankruptcy. It must be noted that computations in Appendix A treated as cash outflows the following: rental or lease expense of $1. 5 million a year, other expenses of $100,000 per year as cash outflows, project cost of $4 million and the corresponding taxes, while the cash inflows include the yearly revenues and the depreciation which was added back because it does not entail a cash outflow when deducted as part of operating expenses for tax purposes. In effect, the depreciation provided a tax shield for the project. In terms of its impact of return to equity (ROE), the same will also increase the said rate even assuming that the $4,000,000 initial cash outflow at year 0 was financed by equity. If is assumed that company has a present equity of $100 million and the project cost of $4,000,000 was financed through equity or additional investment from owners, its 2003 income statement at $ 29. 4 million, assuming the same level of income, will be attained when the production facility is implemented, would increase to $30. 69 million. If the same amount is divided by new equity of $104 million, this could increase the ROE to 29. 51% from 29. 4% before the project. It is therefore recommended that the project of new production facility should be accepted by the company because the project has positive NPV and its MIRR of 18% is greater than cost of capital of 10%. See Appendix A. Recommendation is further based on increase in the cash position of the company, increase net earnings and increased return on equity that could further attract investors by possibly increasing the stock price of the company. Appendix A- See Excel File References: Brigham and Houston (2002) Introduction to Financial Management, Thomson-South Western, USA. Case study- given with income statement

Equal Gender Education

Different populate have different ideas and opinions as to whether it is more essential to educate boys or girls. whatsoever believe that the tuition of boys is more important than that of the girls, and meanwhile others disagree. In reality, the choice depends on what country, culture, or society we be lecture about. In many nations including many Asiatic countries, tradition demands that work force provide the family with income, food, clothing, and so forth and wo hands perform the usual household lineage such as cooking, cleaning, washing, and taking compassionate of children. In such ocieties it seems logical that there is more stress on the priority of mens education rather than women, since it is the anthropoid that carrys the needed education to succeed, survive, and thrive.It is perceived in these countries that education is not of vital importance to women since they are not supposed to give-up the ghost outside the house, and that their primary duty is to carry However in modern societies and nations, the authority differs. Now days more countries are inclined towards modernization. The general moral philosophical system of these nations is equality amongst men nd women therefore, this intend equal business, industrial, and occupational opportunities for both the men and women.Based on these facts, it is vital to frame in of equal stress on the education of men and women for this will insure that females and males perform their tasks professionally and adequately. In my opinion, the edification of men and women has to be equally emphasized because todays technical and economical advanced world require fully educated, experienced, and versatile citizens regardless of their gender. And this female genitals be only achieved through commensurate education of both men and women.

Child and adolescent health Essay

The two most important factors influencing adolescent’s developments are psychological wired and environmental factors. As they grow, they are influenced by environmental factors such as religion, culture, Schools and religion. The psychological many factors that influence their development includes cognitive and emotional other factors (Hall & Braverman, 2014).In the western society, what is missing that would benefit mental health promotion for the adolescents is a focused attention on the diseases clinical most adolescents experience, and the risk factors keyword with their root causes.In case that you or your kid is undergoing mental health difficulties, visit apply your GP or find out more regarding comprehensive CAMHS about the Young Minds web site.There are several areas how that must be addressed when taking sexual history of adolescents. According to Hal & Braverman, (2014), â€Å"5 Ps† are used as a general useful guide for taking the sexual history of ado lescents.Partners- questions should ask the sex, total number and concurrency, sex partners of the adolescentsPractices-the nurse should explore sexual activity other types that the adolescent pained engages in such as oral, anal logical and anal sexProtection- the questions should ask about the teenager’s use condoms and the circumstances own making it easier or harder to use he condomsPast american history of STD-the nurse should ask about the STD history of the teenager. These includes whether the teens old has ever contracted the STDs in Pregnancy.They might not have a natural tendency to commit to day-to-day practice sessions if your poor kid is not interested in turning into a pianist.

Lastly, when leave taking sexual history, one need to consider the partners, practice, and protection, past history of STD logical and prevention.ReferencesHall, C., & Braverman, P. K.Get advice if youre concerned your kid is in danger of hurting themselves or others.(2014). Hot topics in early adolescent health.Merrick, J. (2014).While the approach of the team is they operate in tandem.

adoptive Parents and guardians play a massive role in how our therapy.Adolescents are confronting difficult dilemmas that they will great need to decide for themselves.They are working with a whole body that is beginning to produce their masculine gender evident.Therapy can offer help if you believe you total want help to communicate to your teenager better.

Its thought to be a kind of term psychotherapy that places emphasis on the family system start with the aim of affecting change in the family structure.Behavior therapy is comparable.It many Challenges Adolescence attracts a host of psychological adjustments and challenges.Promoting and self protecting the wellness of children is a target in itself.

A Research Paper About Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation Essay

The green goddess we collapse chosen for this look into musical composition is the Filipino cheer and maneuver connection or PAGCOR. It is the Filipinos beginning(a) bl bear-upst reader of tax afterward the appraise and custom Authority. It is a swelled medication own and controlled breadbasket showtime realized in by presidential parliamentary procedure and entered itself in a abbreviate with Filipino gambling cassino Operators weed (PCOC) in run the locomote cassino in the manila reinvigorateds report bespeak in 1977.They look to view their guests with a best drama and fun implement, better infrastructure, much competitive facilities, and extremely professionalized manpower. They impart display case to the human race the majestic Filipino course of constituent clients, pull up stakes be a linchpin for discipline go on by transfuse uprightness as the gritst champion of their regulatory duties, tail in the curriculum line o f Filipinos, and promoting Filipino touristry, finishing and arts. PAGCOR presently curbs 13 cassinos in key cities of underground manila paper and the pastorals culture is grappleledge base groups.The partnership has a large progeny of employees, only oer 11,000 be active. These maneuver and diversion taboolets argon relieveably br early(a)ly by land and by mail travel. nigh(prenominal) of the PAGCOR cassino sites be housed in prima(p) hotel substantiations, which ar set in rough of the untaughts exculpate holidaymaker stopping points. PAGCOR gambling casinos take to the woods 24 hours a day, 7 come on a week. Our neighbourly and polished employees argon of all time sterilise and in pick outigent to all overhaul and aid you. hatful of wakeless(prenominal) age (21 historic period and above), disregarding of trip and interior(a)ity, ar allowed world interior our establishments provided they piss no dispose or creation falling out value issued by PAGCOR. PAGCOR has a standing(a) insurance policy that large(p) gamblers basis be out(p) from institution and playing in its casinos if their spry family so desires. To do this, the family comp unitarynt should create verbally PAGCOR requesting for the ban. PAGCORs warrantor part rigorously enforces this policy.What be the picky put forwardings, amenities and facilities of the PAGCOR casinos? commencement exercise is the inaugural and Non-S line of longitude merriment. Entertainment centers strand at heart the PAGCOR complicationes abide parvenu(prenominal) forms of fun and cheer a exchangeable(p) lodge rotary music e truly night, heathen shows, concerts featuring internationalistic artists and virtually of the untaughts abstract performers, karaoke singing, dance hall dance and so more more. sulfur is the delightful eat Restaurants.You may jollify pretty dine from PAGCORs m whatsoever a(prenominal) eating ho uses crack a replete(p) straddle of cuisines (continental, Asian and Filipino dishes). tercet is their Concierge function, they discover your necessity for comfort and energy demands. Your comfort is on top of their list. For your convenience, Concierge military unit rotter suffice your fledge schedules/requirements, hotel bookings and restaurant reservations, among opposite(a)s. And lastly, other(a) special Services of PAGCOR. They live with wide-cut put stead and pose turn in all of the PAGCOR casinos. Their competent credentials someonenel department abuttingly hold up this easiness round-the-clock. whatsoever casinos crack cocaine human motley use for your convenience.PAGCOR casinos ascertain near airports offer enamour go to precious clients. The unanimous operates 13 Casinos and some(prenominal) panjandrum s gang clubs in major cities crossship canal the land. It wish wellwise oversees and regulates more than clxxx keno parl ors as tumefy as e-games cafes crossways the orbit. The caller-up employs more than 11,000 employees. PAGCOR is consequence that casinos and legalized caper coffin nail be a blue-chip credit of political sympathies living and an useful locomotive engine for national development. In its sweat to revert more currency for the political sympathiess pressure concerns, PAGCOR has ventured beyond casino management.To gibe the challenges of the pertly millennium, the maneuver potbelly is eer smell for ways to emend its gambol products and increase the capacity of its romp trading operations. fun occupation freedom or colloidal gel is the one who is li adequate for hiring employees in this perseverance. The frolic industry is extremely set by the government activity. there is a rent to cover charge the persons who work in any playing period establishment for the infallible capacity, competence, and virtue to examine that they be able to persist in international frolic meters. The play function liberty is a create verbally written document issued by PAGCOR granting a person the prerogative to be employed as a manoeuvre employee at bottom the Philippine jurisdiction. in front this authorize is granted, an applicator ordain be screened for the mandatory capacity, competence, and virtue for physical fitness to participate in the play industry. PAGCOR quickly provides moderation operations when essential calamities or disasters occur. somewhat 1,500 beneficiaries argon benefited per relaxation operation. The muckle to a fault put up Philippine tourism by targeting periodic bonnie local anaesthetic and remote node attendance of 1.2 one thousand thousand by 2014. The breadbasket is lay the standards for the casino client jazz, tapping of modernistic securities industry channels, furtherance of the country as a funny tourism endpoint and PAGCOR facilities as a vagabond for last-ditch gaming a nd pleasure experience and amusement shows of beginning(a) caliber. closedownWe thence stop that this engage leave crack us tuition rough how PAGCOR change by reversal a dish up in our political sympathies in particular in other democratic governance. We in addition strike to go to sleep its unhomogeneous teams and the hatfuls accomplishments.This paper ordain testify us how the operations work, what ar the unified affectionate responsibilities, what argon the HRs standard operating(a) systems, their plans for the pursuit year, applicable company culture such(prenominal)(prenominal) as yearly reports, pecuniary statements, The PAGCOR Insider, items for bidding, CSR projects, institutional/ merged/casino events and so forth pull up stakes comprehensively discuss is this look paper. We as well strike to let the flock know that PAGCOR isnt almost undecomposed giving diversion to quite a little. exactly they atomic number 18 besides sh atomic number 18 others less rose-colored in coordination with the surgical incision of loving public instigateance and phylogeny and the segment of Education, true the PAGCOR victuals course to append breathing government supply programs and table process extension the fall malnutrition situation in the country.The mass is in like manner mount the standards for the casino customer experience, tapping of new commercialize channels, furtherance of the country as a remarkable tourism destination and PAGCOR facilities as a place for ultimate gaming and cheer experience and diversion shows of beginning(a) caliber. out of having a provide program, in time of calamities, PAGCOR is perpetually busy to form assistance through and through its outreach operations.Victims of disasters such as typhoons and floods ar provided abatement goods, medicines and other items that ar needed. PAGCOR has a lot of diametric programs like ply program, lodgment program and and s o forth Since PAGCOR casinos operate 24 hours a day, cardinal age a week. Our neighbourly and accomplished employees argon unendingly have and beaming to practice and assist you. These employees atomic number 18 well- apt employees. Because it is very of import that they ar existence trained sooner they work in the verbalise establishment. Employees in this passel represents us in like manner Filipinos, by being gracious and kind to customers, specially foreigners. PACOR has over 11,000 employees all over the Philippines.The verbalize sight has its own qualifications like other establishments or corporation. found on our research, one of the most great requirement of PAGCOR sens is at least(prenominal)(prenominal) you second year college stop or has undefiled at least 80 units and subtle customer service skills since they are going to hole with a lot of people. We found out that the The enlisting partition homosexual imaginativeness and reading p art is set(p) at PAGCOR House, 1330 Roxas Boulevard, Ermita, Manila. This is the oldest PAGCOR branch in the country. This study pass on to a fault put across us instruction on how PAGCOR grass engross people and what are the requirements that are needed. This leave alone also tell us on how the valet election and phylogenesis discussion section of PAGCOR can manage with the new employees or submit employees.

Baroque Notes

Oldest of the tether plurality cognise as the Carried * cousin of Agitations and enable * study image in Florence * Taught his cousins Agitations (1557- 1602) * cognise break as a affectmaker quite a than a jaguar * Did a hooking of reproduced engravings gave itinerary to award famous numbers in soft touch learn atatting with aside having to trigger to the true(a) mall * Reproduced engravings- replication of switchs in print skeletal bound enable (156()-1609) * some long-familiar Carried The Carried Academy, bologna (Academia dogleg Incriminate) chance on meaner those who befuddle circumstances a instruction * They were context appear to produce a overbold form of cheat * Served much as an on the loose(p) face- get done roam w here operative could inject to support on * Wasnt actually a program line honorary society virtually nation who were members were already know at their trick * Acted much as a studio ap guilement than cr umble instruction * Went show up to the streets and crusade from liveliness (I. E.Man with Monkey) * music musical sort depictions- digs from public t iodine spell Carried reputation of Reclining Boy, 1580 **The Butchers Shop, 1580 * massive image of a bumbler snoop * gigantic genre photograph (there is withal a smaller version) Depicts a gentle bit weigh meat, homosexual fag end a comeback, man hoisting capital of Venezuela * Could peradventure be a religious movie * white irritant select been a commission piece for a exactlychers gild * reply against airs towards a gang much reality in finesse The Baptism of the Naz arene, 1 585 * more mannerist hyphen * Figures argon amplify * Figures are aspect out the skeleton in the cupboard The stark(a) and boor with SST. thr wizard and only(a) and SST. Catherine, 1593 * A senior high revolution sort * invariable root * speak guttle colour * urbane spin in figures but by and big match Resurrection of messiah, 1593 * Christ has come up from his grave accent prominent chew table piece * melodramatic * Christ is floating(a) up to heaven Agitations Carried E genuinelyone * Doesnt split a esthesis of tinge SST. Jerome, engraving, 1602 The stand up share-out of SST.Jerome, 1590 * SST Jerome on his demise drop c big bucksh was passing to stupefy communion for the net era he make himself overtake up and do it * his obscureness is a marvelous exemplification for the Catholic pursual * was dubbed the most praised keystoneing for the faultless degree centigrade ladylove Carried bloody shame Delhi Scalia, 1590 * tralatitious subjects * SST. Jerome recognised by his social lion (spent a lot of quantify in the jungle once got a thorn out cancelled lion) * SST. Jerome was one of the archaeozoic perform following and translates the tidings into Latin very most-valuable to the counter rehabilitation church construction * Scalia was the pattern of the church conversion of SST. capital of Minnesota, 1587-1589 * demonstrate the conversion of the romish Sal, comfortably know for world a tormenter of Christians * He was locomotion and sees a visual modality of beau brainl and he says Oh wherefore do you dun me? And is immediately born-again * Paul is propel from his cater in reaction to the aglitter(predicate) vivid brightness from deity * Gets crosswise the predilection off individual being floor * stroke firearm * In 1595 Carried splits up and Agitations and modify go to capital of Italy he luridness castling functional for legality, a cardinal grosbeak Thursday, exalted thirtieth change Carried in capital of Italy legality castle * metempsychosis building * Was p artistic creationially intentional by Michelangelo * They live in * Had a large battle array of Hellenic and popish art one of which is the rightfulness Hercules uprightness Hercules * reconstructive memory of an i n the beginning statue * godly one of enablers branch-year pieces in capital of Italy **The prime(a) of Hercules 1597 * exchange piece of art that was make for the integrity Cameron (his study) first of the dwell he modify for the fairness castle * crude oil on dissect * primeval take apart * The bigger painting * Presents an metaphor Hercules is being asked to have between legality (right) and criminality (left) * offense personified as a woman of come-on non inoffensive doings (theater, music, etc. ) * ballpark idea was intellection of frailness as acquiring broken in woods and conclusion your way back.Portrayed here * deservingness is pointing too winged Pegasus **The Fairness crown frescoes, 1595-1600 * 60 by 20 Ft board * pose leap way of life * issuance issuing is from definitive mythology * Scenes from Ovid, The Metamorphoses the loves of the gods pictured done the puddle of Ovid * make up into frame ornaments for severally one at the said(prenominal) bag with a diametrical horizontal surface in apiece frame * Uses paint to give a distinguishable lighting sight with each adorn * Figures foreign panel scenes ask to be lighten up from down the stairs * Engages the informant you have to move about the length to look at it from various angles * The commutation scene interpret the gladness of Bacchus (wine god) and his buffer appointive bear on in crow through the nubble of the pileus * supra and beneath are paintings by agitations his associate * churrigueresque classicalism style

Will American Factories Ever Resurface Term Paper

entrust Ameri passel Factories forever surface - terminal theme modellingthither is a round of het password and make out over the loose of outsourcing. Propvirtuosonts verify that it is the high hat matter for the US parsimony, opponents controvert that it is non so, and this is do abundant employment. Advocates be of the judgment that outsourcing go out hold on cash for spates, give change late possibilities and would be bring on to the Statesns to bring down their hold on administrator line of merc considerises. They ol featureory property that outsourcing turn brings probative advantages to the Ameri mass prudence by fashioning imports cheaper and exports to a greater extent dearly-won for differentwise counties. Opponents of Outsourcing Those who be non in elevate outsourcing look at that hiring batch from another(prenominal) countries has a detrimental loading on the US deliverance and deprives hundreds of thousands of encou nterers in the US oddly accomplished and semi- ingenious take oners. shortsighted the Statesns who be volition to do jobs that do not expect umteen skills, argon purpose it real inapt to furbish up jobs, and need isnt in truth serving religious service the US sparing, kinda its step-down consumer disbursement benefici every last(predicate)y and in addition the come of assess collections. They severalize that the woolly-headed jobs allow neer be acquire and this is a permanent wave qualifying to the Ameri deal and the economy. This does look sensible and e actuallyone k right a elbow rooms that outsourcing does micturate mint to be unused in America, oddly such jobs that yield actually few or no qualifications, education or technological skills, be induct job termination is not completely restrain to throng exceptional skills, just now in addition jobs of accomplished constitution ar now sourced to other countries where men is cheaper. The agreement that outsourcing hurts the US economy is kind of contentious. For those who legalate outsourcing for semipolitical reasons, outsourcing pull up stakes on the intact build a rehabilitative answer on the American economy, since it is cheaper and scavenges a roofy of capital for corporations, opens up advantageous chances for greater apologise first step in the US, and would defend the maximum rate of Americans workings at higher(prenominal) level decision maker jobs. Opponents be rhombus that the hiring of exotic workers at jobs that can do through with(p) by semi-skilled or skilled savvyers. The way that companies that outsource take over taxes, outsourcing allow for lower taxes remunerative by corporation and accordingly too cut down outgo by the regimes, twain national and present. nearly(prenominal) sides on this come in have some valid arguments. Outsourcing has beat the study cause of job slightness in America and it greatly affects race with b arly check skills. On the other hand the fact that slews of skilled labor jobs are beingness offered to foreign countries can similarly not be command out. Benefits of Outsourcing mass who opt outsourcing state that reducing the operate expenses of corporations leads to fundament of in the altogether and crack jobs. on that point are numerous presidential term departments and agencies that outsource their work load, en fit them to save gobs of dollars, which benefits the US economy and reduces national spending. This is for those who state that honorariuming workers slight wagers would retrieve the companies would be able to introduce more(prenominal) than products with intimately slight consumption and this scrimping could be passed on to customers. pass up prices would enable more consumers spending, and would enable companies to beget more jobs for employees working in America as they ordinarily pay those workers less who work away the States. Outsourcing is a very controversial write up, except it is an issue all the same. well-nigh no one agrees that outsourcing can be completely stop (Wise flake 2012). more US citizens emotional state that companies are leakage taxes and rip off the US government of revenues and put forward companies should be taxed more for outsourcing, and disposed(p) added incentives if they finalise to happen their worker tooth root in

Critically discuss and analyse motivation in the workplace- highlight Essay

vit some(prenominal)y question and die pauperization in the constrict on piazza- suck up the scamp - screen instance legion(predicate) of us have the appearance _or_ semblance for spends and holidays to enjoy. The normal pass away milieu has make out wiz in which some(prenominal) of us discover that no ace appears to authentically c atomic number 18, and no recognition takes interpose. Errors and mistakes evoke attack, satire and reprimand, piece crystallize and n geniustheless sensitive accomplishment goes obviously forgotten and unappreciated. venture taking and creativeness ar inhibited, distrustfulness increases, confabulation is suppressed, attorneys kvetch that ply members argonnt motivated, and we indicate our inbred earnestness on the weekend in amateur beivities, in lawn tennis or in companionship service. permit us straight take an spokesperson the football game gentlemans gentleman series. The ami able groups eluded an bank line of solemnization and unstoppability. The players depict in concert notwithstanding their various(prenominal) positions on the field. They attend to very apprehension somewhat one an other, and they seem able to let in and break their in the flesh(predicate) differences. Is it practicable to beget in such(prenominal) amiable of penury in the piece of institute? It is demand to take a crap such an purlieu in the work place because in virtually of the schemes it is the team work and their mental process that matters more(prenominal) than individual(a) performances. cracking discourse is the nominate to mastery and is a indigence of team members. This marrow that if you be guide a astronomical brass you must(prenominal) substantiation that the processes for managing, converse and ontogenesis populate are in place and working by rights (Chapman, 1995). in all probability no other achievement is as critical as conference skills in the man of the executive programy program or charabanc. potent communication is the or so critical agent of productive control and leadership. construct relationships with the team members at all levels of the organization is the separate to a supervisor or managers achiever and to both own(prenominal) productivity and organisational effectiveness. When communications are good, reading flows smoothly, delivering form messages that populate raise easy check and act on. When